20% of China is desert—and that percentage is growing. From howling sandstorms to abandoned villages, this documentary report reveals one of China’s most pressing environmental problems today.
Photographs by Sean Gallagher.

In China, nearly 20% of land area is desert. As a result of a combination of poor farming practices, drought and increased demand for groundwater, desertification has become arguably China’s most pressing environmental challenge.

As the effects of increasing desertification grow more evident, the impacts are becoming widely felt. Farmers are being forced to abandon their land; the levels of rural poverty are rising; the intensity of sandstorms, which batter northern and western China each year, is growing ever more extreme.

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The “desertification train” connects Beijing in the east to Kashgar in the west © Intrepid Travel

By traveling on China’s “desertification train” that bisects China’s major northern deserts (The Gobi, Taklamakan and Badain Jaran), photojournalist Sean Gallagher reports on the various implications of desertification on people’s lives across the breadth of China.

—Sean Gallagher

A man walks amongst the dunes of the Tennger desert, near the Shapotou desert resort in Ningxia Province. © Sean Gallagher
A man walks amongst the dunes of the Tennger desert, near the Shapotou desert resort in Ningxia Province. © Sean Gallagher
A sandstorm disrupts local life in Ningxia Province. © Sean Gallagher
A sandstorm disrupts local life in Ningxia Province. © Sean Gallagher
A painting of traditional Inner Mongolian life hangs in the living room of farmers on the Inner Mongolian steppes. This traditional life disappeared in the 1980s. © Sean Gallagher
A painting of traditional Inner Mongolian life hangs in the living room of farmers on the Inner Mongolian steppes. This traditional life disappeared in the 1980s. © Sean Gallagher
Faint glimpses of traditional life on the grasslands remain as a tourist in traditional dress adjusts her clothing. © Sean Gallagher
Faint glimpses of traditional life on the grasslands remain as a tourist in traditional dress adjusts her clothing. © Sean Gallagher
A woman protects herself from the airborne sand which has descended on the town of Minfeng in Xinjiang province. The town’s proximity to the Taklamakan desert means it is regularly bombarded by sandstorms. © Sean Gallagher
A woman protects herself from the airborne sand which has descended on the town of Minfeng in Xinjiang province. The town’s proximity to the Taklamakan desert means it is regularly bombarded by sandstorms. © Sean Gallagher
A young boy in the town of Hongsibao, a community that was built in the desert to rehouse refugees relocated from nearby land affected by increasing desertification. © Sean Gallagher
A young boy in the town of Hongsibao, a community that was built in the desert to rehouse refugees relocated from nearby land affected by increasing desertification. © Sean Gallagher
The banks of a reservoir in Minqin County, Gansu Province. © Sean Gallagher
The banks of a reservoir in Minqin County, Gansu Province. © Sean Gallagher
Human remains scatter the floor in the abandoned city of Yinpan, a result of a combination of natural erosion revealing graves and disturbance by tomb-robbers. © Sean Gallagher
Human remains scatter the floor in the abandoned city of Yinpan, a result of a combination of natural erosion revealing graves and disturbance by tomb-robbers. © Sean Gallagher
Dead poplar trees stand on the edge of the Taklamakan desert in China's western Xinjiang Province. © Sean Gallagher
Dead poplar trees stand on the edge of the Taklamakan desert in China’s western Xinjiang Province. © Sean Gallagher
A mural on a wall in the deserts of western Inner Mongolia. © Sean Gallagher
A mural on a wall in the deserts of western Inner Mongolia. © Sean Gallagher
Smoke bellows from a lone factory in the deserts of western Inner Mongolia © Sean Gallagher
Smoke bellows from a lone factory in the deserts of western Inner Mongolia © Sean Gallagher
Visibility during a sandstorm in Ningxia Province is reduced to all but a couple of hundred meters. © Sean Gallagher
Visibility during a sandstorm in Ningxia Province is reduced to all but a couple of hundred meters. © Sean Gallagher

 

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